“You cannot invite Lisa to your birthday party at the
swimming pool,” Mom said to me as we planned my Sweet 16 celebration in 1978.
I was thinking about Lisa as I began swimming in earnest
again, training for the recent Richmond Rox sprint triathlon. I dedicated the
swim portion of my race to those who cannot swim.
I cannot imagine being unable to swim. Swimming was part of
my everyday life, growing up in Alabama. I learned to swim at the YMCA, before
I learned to read.
Every summer, we swam in the Gulf of Mexico on Florida’s
panhandle, which we called the Redneck Riviera. A red neck was common for me
then, because (millennials will be shocked) water-resistant sunscreen hadn’t
yet been invented. I swam in the morning and evening, with thick, pasty zinc
oxide on my nose and cheeks, and a t-shirt over my swimsuit. In the middle of
the day, I played cards and board games inside with Mom, Dad, and my brother
and sister.
Later I joined the swim team. They gave out ribbons to all
six girls who swam each race, and I have a large collection of sixth-place
ribbons. By the time I was a teenager, “swimming” was mostly sitting beside the
pool.
For my 16th birthday, Mom asked me whether I wanted to
invite friends to a party, and if so, what I wanted to do. I attended Indian
Springs School at the time, and there I had a much more diverse group of
friends than before.
“I want to have a swimming pool party at the country club,”
I told her.
She looked at me sideways. “Whom would you invite?” she
asked.
I ticked off my close circle of girlfriends, ending with
Lisa. Mom knew Lisa. She knew what Lisa looked like. Mom took a deep breath and
said, “You cannot invite Lisa to a party at the country club.”
“Why not???” I demanded, knowing full well what she
implied.
Swimming became popular in the United States in the 1920s
and 1930s, including among women. It was the introduction of women into the
pools that led to the segregation. How could you have black men in the same
pool with white women? The law changed in the late 1950s, and public pools
could not operate unless they were desegregated. This change in law, however,
did not mean that blacks and whites swam together. Instead, public pools were
closed, filled in, abandoned.
The small lake in front of my house today featured a high
diving board in the 1930s. Today, the diving board is gone, the water is
shallow, having been partially filled when a court demanded that it be
desegregated. Across the country, after public pools were closed, many private
pools and country club pools were built. These places typically restricted access
to “members only.” In other words, white. The YMCA even figured out how to
operate segregated pools: it did so in Montgomery until it was sued over this
practice in 1970. Country clubs were still segregated in 1978, when I turned
16. I knew this, I knew that our club had no black members. But I didn’t
realize Jim Crow laws were still so overtly a part of our lives.
“I can’t invite Lisa to my pool, as my guest? That’s
ridiculous!” I screamed at my mother.
Mom sighed and said, “I don’t disagree with your sentiment,
but you would not be a good friend to Lisa if you invited her to the club. As
soon as you started to enjoy yourselves, a man in charge would ask Lisa to
leave. That would be very uncomfortable for everyone, especially Lisa.”
Mom went on to tell me that a black boy from Mobile,
apparently a very talented tennis player, came to an invitational tennis
tournament at the club not too long before, and the tennis pro in charge went
up to him and explained that this was an invitational event and that he was not
invited.
I felt sick to my stomach. How could this be so? Mom asked,
“so, would you like a pool party without Lisa, or another party where she can
be included?”
A party without Lisa?
Or be forced by bigots to go somewhere else just because my friend was
black. I was outraged. Here it was, 1978! Segregation was supposed to be over.
I wanted to do something! I wanted to picket. I wanted to boycott the place. I
wanted to change things. But I was just one 16-year-old girl. I didn’t know
what to do. Not then. “I don’t want a party at all, Mom. I don’t feel like
celebrating.”
I never told Lisa this story.
When you look around today, you might be inclined to say
these problems are history. Country clubs now have black members. I have some
African-American friends who not only swim, but also swim competitively, as
part of triathlon races. Simone Manuel made history this summer by being the
first African-American woman to win an individual gold medal in swimming. Have
we done enough to change things?
If a child asks her father to teach her to swim, and his
answer is “sure thing, honey, let’s start today,” the chances are the father is
white. Most black fathers cannot swim. According to a study by the University
of Memphis for USA Swimming, only three out of 10 African Americans can swim. And
African-American children and adolescents are more than five times more likely
to drown than their white peers because of limited swimming skills, according
to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. For one thing, if they start
to drown, most of the family members around them cannot possibly save
them.
So, when I learned about the mission of SwimRVA, I jumped on
board. SwimRVA is a nonprofit organization whose mission is to elevate swimming
in the Richmond region, making water safety and aquatic fitness more accessible
to all. SwimRVA has set a goal to teach all second-graders in the region to
swim, especially those in underserved communities. Recently, SwimRVA launched a
program to teach children with autism to swim: such kids are drawn to water,
but usually cannot swim. They especially are prone to drowning after wandering
off from a safe environment. In fact, such accidental drowning accounted for 91
percent of deaths among children with autism spectrum disorder, according to
the National Autism Association.
For months, now, I have worked on SwimRVA’s inaugural
fundraising event, the Big Splash Bash, to be held on Saturday, Oct. 1, at the
Tuckahoe Woman’s Club. It will be a special opportunity to support those who
otherwise would not have a chance to learn to swim. We will have food and fun,
a dunking booth, a photo booth, and some chances to win amazing raffle prizes.
We also will be inducting members to the SwimRVA Hall of Inspiration: Robert
Bobb, Whitney Hedgepeth, the inaugural 1962 team of the James River Swim Club,
Marie Kelleher and Gloria Thompson.